Name: Wesley de Jesus Barbosa
Type: MSc dissertation
Publication date: 14/04/2020
Advisor:
Name |
Role |
|---|---|
| Jorge Luiz Viesenteiner | Advisor * |
Examining board:
| Name |
Role |
|---|---|
| Henry Martin Burnett Junior | External Examiner * |
| Jorge Luiz Viesenteiner | Advisor * |
| José Renato Salatiel | Internal Alternate * |
| Wander Andrade de Paula | Internal Examiner * |
Summary: ABSTRACT
The present master's thesis deals with how the Jesus type elaborated by
Nietzsche in his The Antichrist presents himself as completely without the will to
power. The literary hypothesis and the medical hypothesis are enunciated as tools for
the analysis of the type, however they are not inserted in the debate as provoking
dichotomies, on the contrary, they serve as indicatives to a position that is undervalued.
In other words, to the extent that Jesus' non-reaction leads to a transvaluation of all
values because it breaks with the moral precepts and the culture of resentment, the essay
text, moreover, communicates with the general objective in the sense of break the
fissures by inserting an interpretation in the semantic body that does not qualify this or
that thesis as more useful to the work in a perspective of nullity of counterpoint. But
that, obeying the limits of an unsustainable lightness of interpretation, be justified by the
concepts of the medical hypothesis without losing literary freedom. In the force field of
these two hypotheses, dualism is lost in favor of a primordial event: interpretation.
Renato Nunes Bittencourt's literary hypothesis seeks in Dostoevsky the
typological communion of Jesus through the analysis of Prince Michkin, protagonist of
the book The Idiot. Thus, I created the categories the forgotten, the private, the nonreactive, the non-political and the childlike to analyze the psychological dynamics of
Míchkin and Jesus. Such characteristics are not axioms, they are attempts to temporarily
fix an interpretation, already knowing that the real is understandable in a deterministic
and transcendental conceptual formality. This hypothesis had been significant in the
recovery of The Antichrist as a philosophical text, insofar as it dismantled the
prejudiced shell created to discredit the work of the philosopher, affirming the
inauthenticity of the text as a mere blasphemous pamphlet or delirium of a mind that
already showed signs that it would succumb. . But this argument has its hermeneutical
limits.
The medical hypothesis of Allan Sena goes through the texts of Morel and
Féré defending the thesis that the idiot of Jesus is not a reference to Prince Michkin, but
a construction produced by Nietzsche's contact with medical literature very in vogue
among intellectuals of the century XIX. In fact, Dostoevsky himself, according to Sena,
would have formulated Prince Michkin under such influence. That idiocy, therefore,
would correspond to a psychiatric disorder that would delay the person's development in
a still very childish time.
14However, the novelty of this dissertation and claim to a philosophy of the
future is not to polarize the debate, but to insert it into a hermeneutical event. Giving
literature its epistemological rigor by intertwining it with a medical theory so harsh in
its truth that perhaps it needed the lightness of the ambiguity of the words that create
worlds of metaphors. Because medicine, so true in its usefulness, gave hints about the
world and people that, very different from explaining reality objectively, ended up
masking it in prejudices and stereotypes. And the poets, unconcerned with the real,
invented fables to talk about the world. Science and art do not cancel each other out as
systems or explanatory hypotheses, they interpret the world in their own way, and such
ways are not better or worse. Life without art would be pitiful. Life without medicine
would be too short. The literary hypothesis and the medical hypothesis indicate an
overrated position not only because they maintain that the beatitude of the Jesus type is
effected by his experience completely lacking the will to power, but because as
arrangements of this argumentative text they embark on the daring contours of an
unsustainable lightness of interpretation.
Keywords: will to power, literary hypothesis, medical hypothesis, Jesus, Míchkin,
moral values and resentment.
